By Erica Marat (7/26/2006 issue of the CACI Analyst)
BACKGROUND: Since 1991, every Central Asian leader managed to win presidential elections with at least 75% of popular support. The higher, the better, - with 99.9% being the record for the Turkmen president Saparmurat Niyazov in 1992.By Kevin Daniel Leahy (7/26/2006 issue of the CACI Analyst)
BACKGROUND: During his time as president, Boris Yeltsin pursued a distinctly asymmetrical policy toward Russia’s regions. This often entailed making compromises with certain regional leaders which might have seemed quite gratuitous when it came to dealing with other, less entrenched local elites. His successor, Vladimir Putin, has proven far less flexible in this regard, and clearly disapproves of the loose tactical bargaining which characterised Yeltsin’s tenure.By Rizwan Zeb (7/26/2006 issue of the CACI Analyst)
BACKGROUND: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was created in June 2001, comprising China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Pakistan was the first country to apply for the status of \'Observer\' in the SCO. However, Pakistan\'s entry was blocked because of its Afghan policy.By Stephen Blank (7/26/2006 issue of the CACI Analyst)
BACKGROUND: The recent announcement that the U.S. base will be able to stay at Manas in Kyrgyzstan ends a chapter, but by no means the whole story, in the saga of U.The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst is a biweekly publication of the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program, a Joint Transatlantic Research and Policy Center affiliated with the American Foreign Policy Council, Washington DC., and the Institute for Security and Development Policy, Stockholm. For 15 years, the Analyst has brought cutting edge analysis of the region geared toward a practitioner audience.
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